HOW TO RULE THE WHITE HOUSE, AMERICA AND THE WORLD. My instruction for Trump. Mikhail Kryzhanovsky

By Mikhail Kryzhanovsky, a former KGB spy and CIA "Filament", the author of the White House Special Handbook, Espionage and Counterespionage Handbook.  

kryzhanovsky7777@gmail. com  

New York  

November 17, 2017  

FROM: Steve Wynn  

contact@campaigns. rnchq. com  

TO: MIkhail Kryzhanovsky  

prof777prof@yahoo. com  

I hope you can join us and help show the President our steadfast support.  

FORWARDED MESSAGE  

From: Ronna. McDaniel@gop. com  

Subject: Breakfast with President Trump  

Good morning,  

I want to invite you to breakfast with President Donald J. Trump in New York City on Saturday, December 2. Please find the invitation with more details below.  

Space is limited. Please direct your RSVPs and any questions to Events@gop. com or 202-863-8646.  

It is going to be a wonderful event, and I hope to see you there!  

Ronna McDaniel  

Chairwoman  

Republican National Committee  

Part 2. HOW TO RULE THE WHITE HOUSE, AMERICA AND THE WORLD  

COME IN!  

Come in!  

Be strong. Be attractive. Be logical.  

All you have to do during your first term is to take care of the second one.  

The 2nd term’s agenda is to set your place in the world’s history.  

1st year. You have enough public support to start big initiatives.  

2nd year. Develop your initiatives.  

3rd year. Go, go public preparing your re-election. Presidents often lose voters during this period.  

4th year. All-politics year. Try to achieve important international agreement (a treaty) for the historic record. Win re-election.  

Divide your day into hours and minutes : 30% of your weekly hours go to senior White House staff, 10% – to Cabinet, 5% – to Congress members, 5% – to foreign leaders.  

No matter what, even if it’s a war time, sleep one hour during the day to give your brain a break, and finish your day at 6 P. M. After 6 P. M. do not read any documents, do not take any phone calls, do not talk to anybody but family members and close friends.  

Eat whatever you want, but remember, the more calories you have to digest, the slower you think.  

REMEMBER:  

1. You are a national image (a national ideal based on pseudo-facts), a symbol of national unity, national continuity and the symbol of federal government. Leadership is the first quality Americans look for in you – they want a President who is steadfast in his convictions.  

2. The power to control the federal budget is your top prerogative.  

3. Define for yourself whom are you going to be:  

– utopist (ideas manipulator)  

– manager (Government and Congress manipulator)  

– challenger (reformer)  

4. Any problem turns into a political one if it threatens your power.  

5. Use your legal right to press the nation and illegal ones to press the world to eliminate problems.  

4. Once you’re in politics, you are a hostage of your status and you must sacrifice privacy in return for power.  

6. Never play alone.  

7. All your decisions are risk taking ones (any decision brings a problem). You may ask advice before you make a decision, but don’t listen to anybody afterwards. You are not paid for the quantity of your work but for leadership and ultimate decision making.  

8. Correct political mistakes fast, before they become political scandals.  

10. Never blame previous presidents for the problems they left for you – that’s a sign of political weakness.  

11. Get rid of a White House tradition to deal with problems if they “knock at the door” only.  

The White House Staff  

Chief of Staff  

The Chief of Staff reviews most of the documents that go to you, gives his/her advice after intense information processing and consultations with other agencies and then – he’s/she’s telling others what President wants.  

A lot of people, including Congressmen and Senators, will try to reach you through him/her.  

He/she has to give exact instructions to the Press Secretary on the White House message about current headlines and the President’s plans and actions (the Press Secretary works the same way with VP and First Lady/First Gentleman press teams).  

He/she is responsible for your time and has to plan at least two months ahead your effective activity together with Communications, Scheduling and other policy offices’ Directors plus VP and First Lady/First Gentleman Chiefs of Staff. Besides, he/she has to do “dirty jobs” for the President like firing people or act as a “lighting rod” to draw criticism away from the President.  

National Security Adviser  

The National Security Adviser controls all the documents concerning national security coming from Defense, Homeland Security, State Departments, and national security agencies, and coordinates these offices.  

His/her position is not subject to Senate confirmation, which, according to a long-standing Washington tradition, means that he/she can’t be compelled to testify before the Congress. He/she decides what papers the President should see and, what’s more, he gives his comments on any document.  

ATTENTION :National security is 100% the President’s business, so keep this figure at some distance and don’t let him think of himself as your Number Two – foreign leaders will try to work through him to get to you or to influence you.  

He/she has to oversee the functioning of the National Security Council (NSC), which is your foreign policy making tool and a “government inside government. ” This is something very special and convenient about the NSC – it’s responsible only to you and there’s not much Congress control over its budget. Plus, National Security Adviser is involved in every meeting between you and any foreign leader and is responsible for the schedule.  

The most powerful of executive offices after the National Security Council is the Office of Management and Budget (it’s authorized to make cuts in federal agencies’ budgets, to advise you on national fiscal and economic policies, supervise execution of the government budget, evaluate the performance of federal programs).  

Who they really are  

Staffers (and Secretaries) prefer stability and don’t like if you’re “rocking the boat” – that’s why they often play reform-stoppers.  

They don’t like to work hard and prefer to send you on “very important visits” abroad as often as possible.  

They try to load you up with an extremely busy schedule and “feed” you witnh hundreds of useless documents, create artificial problems and conflicts to show off their hyper-activity.  

They try to be your decision makers and they do influence you because, unlike Secretaries, they have daily contact with you; that’s why you don’t see Cabinet members as your principal aides.  

They try to set you up by interpreting your decisions and orders in their own way, as every adviser is the “American President himself. ”  

They know you won’t accept “complicated, ” “expensive, ” “risky” projects and they’ll try to sell you “simple, ” “cheap” and “popular” ones only.  

Watch your senior staff and how they present ideas. If somebody wants to push his idea or a project, he will give you three options, making two of them unattractive. Naturally you pick the one he presented as least harmful.  

Their dirty tricks  

1. Fight for access (influence) to President or to people with direct access (aiming to get a better position if President is re-elected).  

2. Isolate government from the President.  

3. Influence = relationship with the President.  

4. Get a table in the West Wing. You are nobody if you are stuck in the White House basement and see the President by appointment only.  

5. Before you send a document to the President, have to look at it and ask yourself if it’s too immoral or too radical.  

6. Never say “no” aloud to anybody.  

7. Remain anonymous with conflicts.  

8. Never bring bad news to the President – let it be some idiot, not you.  

9. Never say “That’s impossible, ” no matter what the President is asking you to do.  

10. Disappear (and find an excuse later) if the President is in a bad mood.  

11. Never ague with the President if there’s somebody else present.  

12. Learn how the President likes to do business (talking, giving orders, writing the documents and taking notes, managing official and non-official meetings) and his habits (food, drinks, cigarettes, favorite sport, movies, show business stars, writers, politicians; attitude to women) and try to copy him — the President has to feel comfortable with you.  

13. Fight anybody who’s trying to do your job to be closer to the President.  

14. Avoid taking on risky tasks controlled by the President in person (if necessary, try to “delegate” it to somebody else).  

15. Avoid being associated with any failures.  

16. Don’t say anything President doesn’t want to hear.  

17. Use “Smith’s Principle”: if it can be understood by Congress, it’s not finished yet.  

18. Write memorandums not to inform the reader, but to protect the writer.  

19. No matter what subject is under discussion, employ the language of sports and war: say “breakthrough” instead of “progress”, never speak of compromise, consider “adopting a fallback position. ”  

20. Every public appearance in with the President is an investment in your career after the White House.  

21. Minimize the number of rivals.  

22. Gain independence according to how much the President needs you.  

23. Before asking the President for some personal favor, make him believe he’s going to get some (political) profit out of it.  

24. Tell the President what he can do and help him try to do it, and never tell him what he shouldn’t do.  

25. Avoid giving any personal gifts to the President if you are not Chief of Staff.  

Every public appearance in with the President is an investment in your career after the White House.  

There is an open power struggle between national security staff members and domestic policy staff and between those who develop new policies and initiatives versus budget staff.  

How to Manage the Staff  

Adopt a dominant management style:  

1. Pyramidal, structured as hierarchy with you at the top, followed by the Chief of Staff and other key assistants. I strongly recommend this one – it insures a clear chain of command and provides precise channels of information going up and directives going down.  

2. Circular, when you are surrounded by advisers, all of whom have equal access to the Oval Office. That means chaos (JFK style).  

All your assistants are political assistants and everyone will try to play a policy-maker. But a good thing is that all of them were not elected and are responsible to you only.  

Thus you can:  

– reform your staff freely as there’s not even a word about it in the US Constitution  

– interchange key figures if domestic crisis is approaching  

– if you don’t agree with the staff on important issues, go to polls for back-up. (The best employee is the one you can blackmail. Besides, a very good “pusher” for your people is their deep understanding that they have to work together to help the President stay in office next term because if the President leaves, everybody leaves)  

– use “the carrot and the stick” tactics  

– use “pulling by pushing” – give an important job without publicity to those who become too popular  

– do as little reading as you can – you have staff for that  

– do as little writing as you can – same reason  

– involve yourself personally in your staff and Cabinet jobs as little as you can – same reason  

– make no minor decisions – same reason  

– send back any intelligence or other report if it’s more than one sheet of paper  

The Pocket Cabinet  

If the bureaucrats are wearing you down, you have the right to fire any Secretary. However, Cabinet members must be approved by Senate, therefore, you have to negotiate with the Senate leaders and party leaders throughout the country. As a result, some positions may go to people you don’t know well and can’t trust. Then if you want to re-organize the Cabinet you have to confront the Congress, because Congress tries to protect the interests of its constituents, who are often the clients of the existing bureaucratic agencies. So, if you plan changes you have to appoint people who share your strategy.  

You may also need to offer a position to a group that you need to support in the coming election, or whose help you need; or to help pass legislation (these people will be more loyal to their political benefactors than to you).  

Secretaries have disadvantages compared to the staffers as they don’t have easy access to the Oval Office (again, that depends on you). Some of them had little or no contact with you before being appointed. Actually, their task is to win the backing of key interest groups and that’s why you, practically speaking, don’t need Cabinet meetings (if there’s no crisis). If a Cabinet member feels independent (usually, that’s the Secretary of State), don’t fire him/her – substitute him/her by the national security adviser or send him abroad on a regular basis.  

The Cabinet members work hard during a crisis only. They prefer to save their plans and suggestions for private conversations with you, because that is what you need them for and they are competing with other Secretaries for your time, support and for funds.  

It’s not easy for the President to make government agencies work effectively : first, you have no time, second – they have no competition. Anyway, you must have insiders in all departments, especially in the Justice Department (FBI), CIA and Secret Service firing anybody who’s trying to dig up dirt on you.  

Secretary of Defense.  

The Secretary of Defense is a very special and unique position for many reasons. This department is regarded a non-political one, defending the United States no matter what (never let him decide, though, what and where US interests are). Military leaders have a lot of friends in Congress who press the administration to accept military demands. Besides, it’s not easy to manage the Pentagon, as you depend on the military for evaluations of the national military capacities; they decide also what kinds of weapons to buy and build. Half of the federal budget goes to Pentagon, making it a major department and that’s the most frustrating aspect of your management.  

You have to find compromise between you, Congress, public opinion, interest groups and defense contractors’ lobbyists.  

The defense budget affects diplomacy and international relations, because governments worldwide scrutinize it for clues about US global intentions. For example, increases in defense spending, particularly for items such as naval vessels and aircraft, may signal your intention to pursue more aggressive foreign policies, and cuts in defense spending may indicate an effort to scale back on defense commitments.  

Hidden Structure  

The Cabinet is divided into the inner circle (State, Defense, Treasury, Justice) and outer, less important one (Interior, Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, Health and Human Services, Housing, Transportation, Energy, Education, Veterans Affairs, Homeland Security). While inner Cabinet members are selected more on the basis of personal friendship and loyalty, outer Cabinet members are selected more on the basis of geographical, ethnic or political representation and adopt an advocacy position for their Departments.  

The inner Cabinet is divided into two groups:  

а) national security group (State and Defense Departments).  

b) legal-economic group (Justice and Treasury Departments). The Attorney General usually serves as the president’s attorney and this special responsibility leads to close personal contact with the President. The Secretary of Treasury is very important in domestic monetary and fiscal policies and international trade and currency.  

The outer Cabinet is a “domestic” group. Don’t waste your time meeting them – you have enough staffers for that. Sometimes “outer” Secretaries try to build their political base of support within their own bureaucracies. Don’t hesitate to fire and replace any of them if they start to criticize you and behave politically independent, counting on bureaucratic and interest groups’ support.  

There’s one (negative for you) thing in common between all Secretaries – self-interest pushes them to protect and expand their departments and then they act more like representatives of their departments to the President then the presidential envoys they were appointed to be (“divided loyalty”).  

ATTENTION : Secretaries of State and Defense usually form a coalition against your National Security Adviser. You must be a smart mediator as Commander-in-Chief. These two have weekly meetings, and each of them has a weekly meeting with the DNI (Director of National Intelligence), so you must know from independent sources what they are talking about in case they “forget” to tell you the details. The Defense Secretary meets weekly with the Joint Chiefs, too.  

Mind Control  

Every day in 2004 we watched the Homeland Security Department "terror alert colors" and very often the threat was "high" or "very high. " With all my 30 years espionage experience I couldn’t understand why they were telling the nation about the threat and producing the multicolor picture on TV. Why? What can ordinary Americans do about that? What happened next made the situation absolutely clear for me and posed one more question for the nation: right after President Bush was re-elected the colors disappeared – why? Again, what happened? Is there no more "terror threat" to America? There is. But there’s mind control, too.  

Mind control, which I call mind manipulation or MM, is used to program the "right political behavior" of the nation or "indifferent behavior" (if necessary) without people’s knowing or understanding the procedure.  

We are talking here about total illegal social control.  

Principles of Mind Manipulation  

1) It’s not enough if every single citizen, and the nation as a whole, thinks and behaves your way – it’s much better if they want to behave your way and feel comfortable, and are absolutely sure it’s their own choice and, finally, they become your active supporters.  

2) If you want to control the nation and program peoples’ thoughts, you have to control knowledge (information, culture and communication).  

3) The political imagination (belief) of the nation has to move in the right direction and has to be accepted as the most comfortable and most acceptable way of political activity: nobody is thinking, nobody is criticizing the President, nobody is making comparisons and drawing conclusions. Everybody believes the American President and hates his enemies.  

4) Don’t waste time fighting foreign ideology, take care of ordinary Americans.  

5) There is no difference between commercial and political advertising, and MM.  

American Propaganda Technology  

You need 24/7 effective propaganda to get non-stop public support of your policy — your war for public support does not stop the day you enter the White House — it may stop the day you leave the White House. If your polls go below 40%, the United States effectively has no President.  

Use propaganda tricks:  

– general (abstract) information on big problem  

– information dosage (the less people know — the easier you convince them)  

– misinformation (full or partial) presented as news, sensations, rumors  

– disorientation – one bit of information contradicts another one  

– provocation – information "pushes" people (before you start war)  

– information over-dosage – too much information (and people lose interest)  

– exaggeration of enemy’s negative sides and promotion of scary data  

– distraction of nation’s attention from news that is bad (for you) by publishing sensations and (political) scandals  

– stereotype manipulation ("nuclear threat, " "international terror, " etc.  

– "shuffle" – all news and facts match President’s political course  

– "cocktail" – mix of true and false information  

–"facts transportation" from abroad (you buy a foreign reporter and he’s publishing positive information on your politics; then you spread the information through American media)  

Remember the principles of mass psychology: people don’t believe the government – they believe the market and the stock exchange; people need statements, not analysis.  

MM Technology  

1) Create a steadfast American collective will-power: “We want to live forever in the America we live in now” – through the media.  

2) Don’t ask people to change their views and beliefs – they have only to change the object of their aggression – “Now we understand who are America's enemies! (the previous President, Republicans).  

3) Get people accustomed to accept facts but believe only in the “right” comments – any common sense has to be “switched off. ” This way you create “mass artificial schizophrenia” — people lose the ability to connect statements and facts (notions) and just believe.  

Besides, by extreme exaggeration of the enemy’s negative qualities you can install the national schizophrenic fear (of "international terrorism") and people have to accept you, the US President, as a savior. Plus, no matter what, repeat your major statements until people start accepting them without thinking.  

4) Divide the nation into “good Americans”(patriots) and “bad Americans”(the “minority).  

Make it clear : it’s much better and more comfortable to be “good” than “bad. ” “We aren’t watching good Americans who support the President. The surveillance is for bad Americans and we make their lives and careers uncomfortable. We have to do that because enemies of America may be using them. ” This method is called artificial social selection and its ultimate goal is a total regulation and standardization of the nation.  

5) For successful MM, use the combined efforts of popular Democratic American writers, TV and radio anchors, talented publicists and columnists, business and show business celebrities, politicians. Thus, step by step you create the “industry of correct political behavior and correct American thinking. ”  

6) Use a combination: statement + image. It reduces the effort needed to understand your message and makes people comfortable with you.  

7) Shift all popular TV shows to prime time – Americans don’t have to think about politics after they come home.  

Psycho-epidemic  

During his first presidential campaign Obama used my strategy of psycho-epidemic.  

It's simple – you hypnotize people by permanent repetition of a certain word, like "Change! ", a phrase, a slogan. A crowd, and even a nation,, often behaves like a dog, it's very submissive if there's a strong personality, a strong leader in front of it. Then, the reflex appears – once you see a strong leader, you must listen to him and follow his orders.  

Strategic planning  

That’s the biggest problem for all administrations.  

Strategic planning is the process of making present decisions based on well-calculated future consequences. The basic strategic objective is a decision as to where to concentrate the government efforts this is the essence of strategic planning. The worst example of strategic planning is the war in Iraq.  

It is crucial to choose a professional crew and place people in positions where their brains will work effectively and produce quality.  

Planning formula:  

– design strategy  

– amplify and clarify strategy into policy  

– organize a team  

– guide execution  

– make final strategic decision  

A. Regular Planning Model:  

subject, concept, idea definition of objectives  

design of innovative options and debate  

exploration of concepts, claims and possibilities  

development of program outlines  

establishment of expected performance criteria and indications  

information gathering  

integration of ideological elements  

assignment of executive responsibility  

scheduling  

analysis and experiment  

experiment evaluation, examination of likely consequences  

comparison of expected and actual performance levels  

determination of costs  

prognosis  

strategic decision  

B. Express planning: information interpretation, projects design, choice of a project, decision  

C. Regular (math) model:  

Negotiations planning (example): pressure, compromise, tricks, break.  

Let’s evaluate "pressure": negative international reaction /-1/, breakdown /-1/, positive effect /+1/. Score: -2+1=-1 Conclusion: no pressure should be used.  

D. Expertise model.  

Government crisis (example): poor planning- wrong decisions- wrong actions- wrong execution- opposition activation- mass protests- coup  

E. Scale model.  

Risk factors: Risk levels:  

Intenationalsanctions : medium  

High inflation rise : medium to high  

High unemployment : medium to high  

Low public support level(low polls) : medium  

Presidential decision making  

1. Decision making is a multiple choice process.  

2. Any decision involves political risk.  

3. If you can’t make a decision, you need more information.  

4. Be optimistic, but remain realistic.  

5. Give yourself a deadline.  

6. No brainstorming chaos.  

7. There are two kinds of decisions: irreversible and reversible. Better know which kind you are facing.  

Here’s the process:  

a) Identify the problem  

b) Analyze the problem — what are the facts?  

c) Evaluate options – what are the pros and cons? what can go wrong?  

d) Identify choices – which alternative is the best?  

e) Implement plans – what action needs to be taken?  

As the world #1 leader you have to know that this world is being ruled not by you but by 11 financial corporations : Barclays, Goldman Sachs, Capital Group Companies, FMR Corp, AXA, State Street Corp, JP Morgan Chase, Legal & General Group, Vanguard Group, UBS AG, Merrill Lynch & Co Inc.  

Bonus  

Psychological Modeling of a President (Strategic Intelligence Method)  

Intelligence services worldwide watch political leaders during public appearances, trying to calculate their physical and mental health judging by their look and behavior. In the US they also evaluate the executives and staffers who surround the President at official meetings to calculate what’s going on in the White House.  

They look at:  

– a very detailed biography  

– personal needs, interests, philosophy  

– political views  

– intelligence, will-power, character, abilities  

– behavior in crisis situations  

– compromising facts and possible methods of influence  

– personal, political and big business VIP connections  

– financial situation  

– administration and team  

– political opposition and President  

– Congress  

Domestic headache  

You can’t separate domestic and foreign policies because they are married to the same ugly guy – the budget deficit.  

Domestic policy rests on three legs: education, health and environment. Americans will never support reduced funding for education, Social Security and Medicare (Medicaid) cuts and weakened environmental-protection laws. But I strongly advise you – don’t bother trying to emulate Europe and the British Commonwealth by providing health care for all – the privately insured middle class (your voting majority) won’t stand for it. If you don’t believe me, go to the polls.  

Now, are you a challenger in politics? If "yes, " strengthen your political positions in Washington, DC first, then start some reforms. Before you start a reform you have to win the information war with your opponents and get public support. A reform is always a venture; the process may start taking on momentum and you won’t be able to stop it. You had better continue old reforms using a new tactic because new reforms bring new problems, new enemies and new mistakes, and big economic mistakes bring you an economic crises.  

Dealing with big business  

1. Big organized money moves big political machines, big political machines move big lobbies, big lobbies move the President.  

2. The President is an investment.  

3. A group that rules the economy rules the White House.  

4. A new political course comes not with a new President, but a change of big business’ global financial interests.  

5. Follow 3 "golden rules":  

– protect big investments  

– help to promote  

– don’t interfere  

6. If the government doesn’t meet the needs of big business, it forms a new one of its own (something like a President’s Council). This usually happens when the President can’t provide financial stability and super-profits. Besides, big business has much more important foreign connections than the government.  

7. Big business is:  

a) money  

b) political and economic control  

8. Any political action gets an economic (big business) reaction.  

In terms of partisan politics, Republicans are considered to be more sympathetic to big business interests while traditionally Democrats get electoral and financial support from organized labor. Forget about antitrust policy business has become more global and efforts to enforce antitrust policies have proven deficient and are threats to national security.  

Managing the economy  

1. Regulate spending, taxation, monetary policy and foreign trade whic has to be under strict political control – you have the right to propose legislation and veto any legislation you think incorrect. Keep in mind that Americans always insist on reducing government spending on foreign aid and space exploration, and they naturally hate any rise in taxes.  

2. State and local governments, both through national associations like the US Conference of Mayors and Congress Members, always press the government to get more federal funds even at the expense of inflationary budget deficits.  

3. Keep unemployment low and prices stable – these two factors are politically dangerous and failure here can bring a free-fall in approval ratings.  

4. Take credit for economic growth, price stability and low unemployment even if you have nothing to do with it.  

Still have problems? Try international initiatives.  

There are four inevitable factors that will limit your control over the economy:  

1) You must share power with Congress — you can’t levy taxes or appropriate money all by yourself;  

2) The theoretical nature of the science of economics — no single economic theory has ever explained the behavior of the economy in the future;  

3) The imprecision of economic information. Economic statistics and indicators do not measure the immediate conditions of the economy, but rather the conditions that prevailed between one and three months ago, depending on the particular economic statistics. Consequently, if you take action on the basis of incoming economic information you may be reacting to a problem that no longer exists or that is much worse than believed.  

4) There are forces outside the reach of the federal government, like international factors (oil prices and foreign trade policies), state and local governments economic decisions and mistakes, big business decisions that affect employment, inflation, the trade deficit and public opinion — which is always against cutting social programs.  

Budget deficit  

A large budget deficit is a headache and has extremely negative effects on the economy:  

1. It limits the government’s flexibility to fight a possible recession; that requires tax cuts and deficit spending, which would exacerbate the debt problem. Since tax revenues fall during a recession and unemployment insurance and welfare payments rise, the budget would be under further strain precisely when deficit spending would be needed to pull the economy up.  

2. It reduces the amount of funds available for achieving the nation’s social and defense goals, because interest must be paid on the national debt.  

3. It can threaten the economy by "crowding out" corporate and private borrowers from the credit market. Because the government must borrow heavily to finance its deficit, it competes with business and individuals to borrow funds. The increased competition forces interest rates higher, causing loans (including mortgages) to become more expensive. As a result, business can afford to purchase less plant and equipment to expand and modernize their operations and fewer consumers can afford to finance purchases of expensive items, such as houses and cars. The resulting reduction in demand threatens economic growth.  

4. The US budget deficit has become so large that domestic savings no longer can provide enough capital to service the debt. Consequently, the government must borrow from foreign sources to make up the difference. This makes us dependent on foreign investors and raises the possibility of a "stabilization crisis, " which can occur if foreign investors lose confidence in the dollar and liquidate their US investments. Such a crisis could cause the dollar to plummet and interest and inflation to rapidly accelerate.  

Crisis  

Crisis means that your government as a system is exhausted and it’s unable to rule the nation and resources effectively in an extreme situation, including economic, natural catastrophes and war. A crisis has three stages – before the crisis, when the first signs appear; crisis development until culmination; catastrophe followed by impeachment. A crisis could be "programmed" at the very beginning of your term (mistakes in political and economic courses, inexperienced personnel, faulty planning) or it can appear later (too many mistakes, change of political environment, shifts in the economic or international situation). Crisis management includes pre-crisis management and handling of the situation. You must be ready not only for a government crisis but also for sudden military attack, mass riots and natural disasters.  

International trade is an important component of national security. Our "friends" (NATO members, Saudi Arabia and Japan) favor a dollar (that is neither overvalued nor undervalued) and a healthy US economy with relatively full employment and low inflation rate. If the dollar is weak, the value of much of their international currency reserves declines and their goods are less competitive in the US market. If the dollar is too strong, their investment capital migrates to the US and the high competitiveness of their products in the US market threatens to provoke calls for trade restrictions. If unemployment in the US rises, the major market for their goods declines. If interest rates are higher in the US than in Europe or Japan, investment capital moves to our country. Consequently, foreign governments press the United States to keep the exchange value of the dollar from fluctuating widely and to hold interest rates steady.  

Congress management  

It’s much more simple that you think.  

1. A Congressional session is a waste of federal time and money – you don’t need debates because Congressional staffers can do all the technical work and they can negotiate between themselves and balance positions. Senators and Congressmen don’t even have to come to Washington – they can vote from their local offices. So these people can spend their time helping thousands of constituents.  

2. The President is dependent on Congressional cooperation to carry out the executive responsibilities of the Office because Congress has to authorize government programs, establish administrative agencies to implement the problems and funds to finance them.  

ATTENTION : Executive Order might lower this dependence a little bit.  

3. It’s important if President belongs to the party with a majority in the House and Senate. But if your party loses the majority in Congress, you have to work out new political strategy yourself.  

4. President’s prestige (popular support or political capital) affects Congressional response to his politics.  

5. Influence in Congress is courted only for long periods of service; a Senator with 30 years in office (like late Edward Kennedy) has considerably more power than a Senator in his first or second term. This causes the electorate to increasingly favor incumbents, as dislodging one’s Congressman or Senator after 30 years, even if the candidate or his party have become unpopular, can be viewed as hurting one’s district financially. It is often thought that a freshman would be less able to bring home federal money for his state or district.  

6. For most Senators, the Senate is a platform for Presidential election campaign. Senators who openly express presidential ambitions are better able to gain media exposure and to establish careers as spokespersons for large national constituencies.  

7. The first act of a newly elected Representative is to maneuver for election to the Senate. Why? First, they enjoy their position, power and money for six years non-stop. Second, there are only a hundred Senators and the publicity is much, much greater. But Representatives have a much better chance to be reelected.  

8. Congress rejects two thirds of President’s proposals.  

9. Senators are always looking for a BBD (bigger, better deal) and often shift from one committee to another (a good choice is those dealing with taxes, budget, energy, commerce).  

10. Bills to benefit big business move smoothly. (Congress doesn’t like the poor — they don’t contribute, sorry). To gain majority support for big business legislation members have a special trick – log rolling, when factions combine efforts.  

11. Senators don’t depend on the people – they depend on the media.  

12. If a Senator is blocking the President’s proposal, he wants to get the President’s attention.  

13. When Senators want to bury issues, they create committees.  

14. The Senate is a small structure and personal relations between Senators are extremely important.  

15. Senators have no incentive to study the details of most pieces of legislation and their decision is simplified by quickly checking how key colleagues have voted or intend to vote.  

16. To have power a Senator has to object: much of the Senate work is done by unanimous consent and if you object you’ll be approached for sure by some influential people including other Senators, Secretaries, President’s aides or the President himself. They’ll try to press, blackmail or buy you – and that means you’ve got a piece of the power pie.  

17. Senators avoid responsibility in economic policy.  

18. Congress loves the military because military contracts are very lucrative for Congressional districts.  

19. Senior Senators teach “newcomers” to vote against any reform which is a threat to their stability.  

20. A Senator has real influence on legislation only if he has professional staff in charge of the projects.  

21. Senators are afraid to vote against a defense budget increase because then they may be accused of a lack of patriotism.  

22. Republicans and Democrats are not really enemies, here, though both sides are always looking for a “traitor” or “insider” in the other camp.  

23. The President must have “insiders” in the Senate, because the other party could prepare secretly and then launch officially some investigation against you or the members of your Administration.  

24. A legislator does exactly what his voters want him to do – stealing federal money from other states and districts, because for him the most important thing is numbers — polls in his state showing how many people approve his activity. His donors watch these numbers too and estimate their investment and the necessity to support re-election.  

25. Every member of Congress has a so-called “split personality” – a “Hill style” while working on Capitol Hill and a “home style” while back in the state or district with the voters.  

26. A Senator makes a decision only after thinking about what it means in terms of the re-election money that will come to him or to his opponents. His voting decisions depend on his party membership, constituency pressures, state and regional loyalty ideology, interest groups’ influence. His stubbornness comes from the fact that he does not want to be seen by his constituents as a “rubber stamp” for President’s decisions, especially when the bill in question benefits a Senator’s state. (And the hidden problem is – you want to move fast, especially during the first year while your personal popularity is high – but for the Congress speed is not important).  

27. Sooner or later every member of Congress starts playing the “pork barrel” game. It’s nothing else but a diversion of federal funds to projects and places not out of national need but to enhance a member’s chances of re-election in his district (military projects, federal buildings, highways construction projects). So be ready for a “Christmas gift” when these fellows add pork barrel amendments to appropriations bills you are about to sign. They often wait until late in each session to pass critical spending bills, which narrows your range of possible responses because a veto may not be feasible if Congress has adjourned and the funds needed to run the federal government are contained in the legislation.  

28. In Congress a small percentage of bills (about 500 out of 10, 000) actually become law because many bills are introduced merely to get favorable press. The strategy is especially effective if the legislation is “tied” to the headlines of the day (mass murders, natural disasters, ethnic riots etc. ).  

29. In the Senate it’s easier for a minority to block the bill than for a majority to pass it: a 60-vote majority is needed to force a final vote on the bill, while only 41 votes are needed to continue debate and delay a vote.  

30. The minority can hold the majority responsible as the party in power for whatever legislation does or does not emerge from the Senate. But both parties prefer to be the party in power in the Senate – all Senate legislation begins in the committees, whose membership and chairmanship are controlled by the party in power. Besides, each chairman has power in terms of controlling the committee budgets and deciding which hearings will be held and which legislation he will allow to be released to the Senate floor for a vote. He can also “lock up the bill” in committee until it dies. Perfect!  

How to Control the Congress  

The President can propose legislation, but Congress is not required to pass any of the administration’s bills. But you know already that Senators and Representatives need re-election more than anything else. So you can go with indirect influence through appeals to the public; this is a confrontation and direct challenge to Congressional authority. You can also enlist the support of interest groups or direct influence through favors and personal involvement in the legislative process. (Get public support for a proposal before it’s discussed with the Congress. )  

And don’t hesitate to start a national debate — you have enough media attention for that.  

You also have an independent tool, presidential power in the form of an executive order. You can give favors directly to members of Congress or to influential people in their constituency, or the favor may be of benefit to the constituency itself:  

– appointments with the President and other high-ranking officials  

– federal grants to recipients in the constituency, government contracts with local companies, the deposit of federal funds in banks, grants to local government and educational institutions  

– support of projects (military installations, research and administrative facilities, public works such as buildings, dams and navigational improvements to rivers and harbors, etc. )  

– recommendations for the US district court judges, attorneys, marshals, etc.  

– campaign assistance (cash contributions from the party’s national committee invitations to bill-signing ceremonies, White House parties or to accompany President on trips  

– bargaining and arm-twisting (pressure and threats to lose the projects).  

Tools  

1. The Congressional Relations Office. Used for:  

– intense lobbying to form Congressional coalitions if the opposition controls one or both houses  

– intelligence gathering (of policy preferences — centralized headcounts reveal the voting intentions on a particular bill and constituency concerns of individual members)  

– representation  

– creating “inner coalitions”  

– coordination of executive branch legislative activity (monitoring and tracking bills, controlling departments’ staff appointments, collaborating with departments’ liaison offices)  

Attention! Senators and Congressmen have to trust your people, who must keep their mouths shut, otherwise there will be no business. Anyway, watch these people — a Senator can call one of your assistants and if they hear “no, ” he will try to reach somebody else until he gets “Yes, the President will see you. ” Don’t let this happen – if it’s “no, ” it has to be everybody’s “no. ” There has to be no difference between personal views of your adviser and your official views.  

2. Congressional Relations personnel of various executive Departments are a conduit. Talk to the Secretaries and explain to them that they have to give the Director of Congressional Relations their best people.  

3. The White House interest groups liaison staff (office of public liaison)  

4. Veto. Threatened with a veto, Senators often seek compromise.  

Congress has its ways to undermine your vetoes or threats of vetoes. Because you can’t veto parts of a bill, they load up major legislation with amendments on a completely different subject (“riders”) that they know the President must accept. (Presidents who vetoed the most bills: Franklin Roosevelt – 635, Harry Truman – 250, Dwight Eisenhower – 181, Ronald Reagan – 78, Gerald Ford – 66).  

5. Executive agreement. It permits the President to enter into open or secret agreements with a foreign government without any advice or consent of the Senate. There are two categories of executive agreements:  

а) presidential agreements made solely on the basis of the constitutional authority of the President and under his sole power to faithfully execute the laws (or under his diplomatic or Commander-in-Chief powers). President needs to report secret agreement to the Foreign Relations Committees of the two houses no later than 60 days after such agreement has entered into force. Congress has no authority to disapprove it.  

b) congressional-executive agreements, which cover all international agreements entered into under the combined authority of the President and Congress.  

Finally, this is what you can do with a bill:  

– sign the bill (the bill becomes a law)  

– do nothing (the bill becomes a law in ten days)  

– veto the bill (the bill does not become a law)  

– pocket veto the bill (hold the bill until Congress is no longer in session, and the bill does not become a law)  

Chapter 4. Foreign policy  

“Golden rules”  

1. International treaties have to be negotiated by diplomats prior to endorsement by presidents.  

2. The information gathered by spies plays an increasingly role in diplomacy (arms-control treaties would be impossible without the power of reconnaissance satellites and agents to monitor compliance).  

3. If you start war, it does not mean you failed diplomacy, it means military decision is much more profitable.  

4. Make it clear to foreign leaders right away whether you are or you are not going to follow the previous President’s foreign policy (after consultations with big business). If you are not going to follow it, design a doctrine of your own (it’s a strategy that is the recognized approach or policy of the US government.  

5. National security is your top priority and is the “king’s job” because actually you have no domestic political obstacles to your foreign policy (if it’s a question of war), so you are a chief decision maker there. (The CIA Director has to be excluded from from this process — you don’t need him. Besides, the CIA even today, no matter how hard I tried to educate the Agency, remains the worst of the worst and is not to be reformed — it has to be abolished. We have to transfer political intelligence functions to Pentagon. National security is designed to protect the United States and the vital interests (investments) of big business and to promote American values in a world of rivals, and the CIA, through all 60 years of its history, has proved to be absolutely unsuitable for the job).  

6. Any country has to be involved in the sphere of our strategic interests if it has a strategic geographic position, significant sources of raw materials, a well-developed transportation system, or could be used as a military base. The strategic policy of any country rotates around the USA and if not — that means a certain President is waiting for greater incentives to come on board. Against target countries, don’t hesitate to use the strategies of pre-emptive war, post-war (post-crisis) reconstruction, and nation building (which means erasing national identity and supplanting it by liberal values).  

With China’s growth, the Cold War is back with a vengeance, so we are back to secret deals based on spheres of influence — but that’s a temporary strategy.  

7. You can’t always do what you want without help – you are dependent on other world leaders, Congressional positions and international public opinion. Ask the Senate to help you sometimes – believe me, they’ll be happy and proud to do so.  

8. Create super-profitable conditions for big business by political penetration worldwide. Big money men start investing abroad when they find a safe environment — law and order. The more they invest the more political power they get (international corporations is the most important element of international system ; the other two are governments and non-governmental organizations).  

9. Use big investors to ruin other national economies and governments by withdrawing finances when the economic situation is worsening. As soon as the country opens its financial markets, it increases its dependence on global economic processes that it cannot control; and a financial crisis can easily be staged. Conversely, other countries’ access to the US markets is a powerful economic and political tool.  

10. Use my “controlled chaos strategy”. My idea to make the US economic and financial markets the most attractive for investors by provoking unstable situations in other countries and regions.  

11. Send troops or work through military intelligence (not the CIA) to wherever you perceive a threat to the US investments.  

12. Use pressure everywhere – strategic nuclear missiles are still the most powerful blackmail tool. Remember, if you are dealing with Russia or China, they will look not only for agreement, but for advantages.  

13. Use “personal diplomacy” – phone calls to foreign leaders (every planned phone call has to go through the National Security Adviser and be well prepared, like a serious negotiation). Most important are phone calls to our allies — NATO members. Don’t forget to wish happy birthday to the leaders in person!  

14. Use “informal diplomacy” – recruit politicians in other nations who might be able to give informal access to a country’s leadership. In some situations, such as between USA and China diplomacy is done through semi-formal channels using interlocutors such as academic members or think tanks. This occurs in situations when presidents wish to express intentions or to suggest methods of resolving a diplomatic situation, but do not wish to express a formal position.  

15. Don’t hesitate to use summits as a tool, because:  

–if you meet a foreign leader in person, you can reduce tensions and clarify national interests.  

–personal relationship may lead to improved relations between nations.  

–summits allow you to focus national attention on specific issues.  

–presidents engaging in personal diplomacy are much more capable than career diplomatic bureaucrats of understanding the domestic policy consequences of diplomatic actions.  

–summit negotiations can yield quick results, since discussions are between leaders with the power of decision rather than between representatives who must receive instructions, make reports and rely new proposals.  

–diplomatic impasses may be overcome at summits by shifts in policy that only top leaders are empowered to make.  

–if presidents desire an international forum for their diplomatic policies, a summit meeting can provide one.  

–successful summits can enhance the image of the President and the United States  

16. If you’re ready to fight for national interests, forget about human rights — you can always blame infractions on the other side.  

17. Isolation is the greatest enemy to information.  

18. There’s no sense in applying sanctions if big business isn’t interested.  

19. Economic and hence, political progress for any country affects the USA through economic competition that threatens the market and jobs.  

20. Any initiative is risky if it’s about unstable region, but you lose popularity fast if you are perceived as indecisive or weak in foreign policy.  

21. Any trip abroad has to convey a strong message.  

22. Direct military intrusion indicates weakness in your foreign policy. If it’s inescapable, involve as many allies as you can.  

23. Don’t touch our military bases abroad!  

24. Big debts open markets. No matter what, open national markets world-wide for American big business and remember – the markets, not Presidents, rule the world.  

25. Tie your allies to international economic projects and make them pay most of the expenses.  

26. Never talk about money in public — talk about democracy, human rights, liberal values and disarmament – people like it.  

27. Move forward – transform Americans’ national and patriotic feelings into nationalistic ones (follow the French model) to get total support of your policy (see “Mind Control”).  

28. Don’t pay too much attention to the CIA – all they have to do is to support you with appropriate information to justify your strategic political decisions – and nothing else.  

29. Ignore the UN – Secretary General has no real power, but you can take advantage of such a thing as the UN peace-keeping if it corresponds with your interests – the US economic costs could be minimized. Besides, UN peacekeeping can promote a spirit of international accountability in solving a certain regional problem. Don’t forget to explain your strategy to the Congress – they don’t like the UN either. On the other hand, you have to manage an international crisis, if it threatens our national interests (start with strategic planning, check national security system for the adequate response, use propaganda to get domestic and international support, consult with big business and allies, start crisis negotiations if possible, use diplomacy (see below) and force or threat of force).  

30. To reach global leadership you must have enough resources, national support and a well-calculated strategy (see also “Strategic planning”). As you already know, the US budget is financed by foreign lending. When the dollar goes down in foreign exchange markets, it’s supported by foreign central banks and you’re OK as long as Japan, Saudi Arabia and Germany have an interest in propping up the American economy and do not raise the price for financing America’s debt. The worst situation would be to lose support both at home and abroad  

Decision making  

– assessment of the international and domestic political environment  

– goal setting. We have multiple foreign policy goals, and we must determine which goal is effected by the international and domestic political environment  

– determination of policy options  

– decision making action  

– implementation of chosen policy option  

World Domination  

Securing the top position requires :  

– economic domination  

– military power – pre-emptive war or blackmail by war (seeking domination requires an inevitable increase in the military budget)  

– a cultural and media invasion  

– special operations to influence or neutralize leaders with negative attitude  

Modern mechanism of world domination  

1. If the country does not accept American rules of the game, we start a "velvet" or "colored revolution.  

2. We replace the government by pro-American regime.  

3. If the government resists, we start the US and NATO military operation and help the anti-government organizations to overthrow the government.  

Strategies used  

1. Destabilization strategy based on terrorism – you kill political leaders and civil population, blow up government buildings and blame the opposition.  

2. Stabilization strategy – first, "terrorists" destabilize the situation in the country and then the US and NATO troops come to "stabilize' it.  

3. "New order" or a "controlled chaos” strategy – American “new world order” to be established through the international chaos, permanent wars, civil wars and revolutions.  

My definition :  

"Controlled chaos” strategy –  

geopolitical re-division of the world by provoking riots, revolutions, civil wars and overthrowing regimes in independent from USA sovereign states to keep the U. S. world hegemony. Political, national, religious and social conflicts in target countries have to be permanent. The strategy is being covered by a "struggle against international terrorism". The operation is preceded by information war against the target regime and backed by NATO forces if necessary.  

Most important targets of the 21st century – Russia and China. That’s the reason we occupy Afghanistan. We have to circle China with our military bases in Central Asia.  

4. Global energy control strategy – the US control of major oil regions and gas fields.  

To keep America on top, we would have to prevent cooperation and coalitions between: China and Africa; Shi’ia and Sunni Muslims; Germany and France; Venezuela and Cuba. Their trade agreements and alliances will change the geopolitical situation.  

In most important world regions keep the balance by supporting the country which follows the leader:  

In Europe – support Britain to balance Germany. You rule Europe if you rule the Persian Gulf. You rule the world if you rule Europe, and that’s why you have to keep NATO by all means to block the military independence of Europe (Germany).  

In East Asia – support Japan, Russia and Taiwan to balance China.  

In South Asia support Pakistan to balance India.  

In Latin America – support Argentina to balance Brazil.  

Diplomacy secrets  

1. Use secret visits (send the National Security Adviser) if the international problem is complex and important – in this way you don’t depend on media and public opinion. Afterwards you can talk, if it was a success.  

2. If presidents like to drink with each other, they are ready to deal with each other.  

3. Avoid negotiating on major issues at the end of the day, when your energy is low.  

4. Negotiate smart, watch your initiatives. The more you tell about your position, the less your partner will tell you about himself, and the higher price you’ll pay. Diplomacy is all about money and the essence of any negotiations is the price range.  

5. Any information should be exchanged as a part of a compromise and not merely given away.  

6. Always talk less than necessary. Concentrate on facts and never tell other person about feelings (or your family and medical problems). Don’t interrupt others, try to understand what they really want and if they try to manipulate you. Also, resist giving in to interruptions until you have completed your thoughts – “Just a moment, I haven’t finished”. Use Taleyran approximation – if it’s difficult for you to speak up, try to make just one diplomatic statement. If they press you, insist on moving this questions to experts. And use indirect language such as “It looks like” or “You see situation from a very special angle”.  

7. No negative emotions, they indicate weak nerves. Never take things personally.  

8. Stop self-limiting behaviors, such as smiling too much, nodding too much, tilting your head or dropping your eyes in response to other person’s gaze. Speak normal conversational volume, don’t scream and don’t whisper, either, as you won’t be taken seriously.  

9. Take a problem-solving approach to conflict, and try to see the other person as your collaborator rather than your opposition. You’d better postpone negotiations than allow them to break down.  

10. Fix all questions, don’t be in a rush to answer any of them.  

11. The slower you talk, the more confident you are.  

12. Never ask straight questions, it’s a primitive approach.  

13. It’s important to know what questions and when to ask.  

Start with an “invitation” question that does not need a definite answer but opens up the discussion, like: “No matter what reporters say, we’ll start negotiating for arms control. ” Proceed with “intelligence gathering” questions, like: “Are you going to abide by our last agreement on the withdrawal of military forces or do we have other options? ” Go to “expertise” questions, like: “It’s 500 missiles, right? ”  

There’s a difference between expertise and straight questions – straight question are like: “Will you sign the treaty? ” and these have to be avoided because you’ll get no straight answer right away. Finish with a closing question, like: “I think that’s what we intend to sign? Next time we can start from here. ” Or you can press your partner: “Let’s not lose this last opportunity, eh? ”  

14. Explain your negative attitude in a smart way: give half the information and continue, depending on your partner’s reaction. If you can’t accept his proposal, tell him that the experts may look into it again and come to agreement. If your partner is not a complete idiot he’ll understand his proposal is unacceptable (because the experts have already done all they could). But if he is an idiot, he’ll agree to “kill” his proposals by passing them to the experts.  

15. You start to lose momentum if you start to defend yourself. Stop (postpone) negotiations the moment you start to lose or you could end up in a total failure and that could be used by opposition back home.  

16. If you bring ideology – try to win. If you bring national interests, try to find compromise. Be flexible – that’s strength, not weakness.  

17. Don’t make aggressive statements for the media, no matter what.  

18. Respect is half a victory, but you usually win when your partner is scared. Avoid open confrontation and respond to personal attacks with humor.  

19. Watch the military experts – they are always ready to “push” you. No arms agreement can win ratification without backing from Joint Chiefs, because Congress needs and trusts their expertise, and their disapproval is a strong tool against you in case you ignore their advice. So, think three times before you appoint Joint Chiefs.  

20. Take negotiations on the trade deficit very seriously – they often take you nowhere and have zero results as your partner wants you to change your attitude to him completely as well as your international economic policy, while you expect the same favor from him. You can influence one partner but you can’t very easily influence the international system.  

21. After you come back home do some positive advertising through the media – in such a way you influence other presidents and future negotiations. If the negotiations resulted in a treaty, “sell” it to the Senate for approval.  

22. Negotiation no-nos:  

– don’t be confused if your partner threatens you – that means he needs your cooperation. Don’t enter into negotiation right away with high demands.  

– don’t touch the toughest issues first. Don’t assume – that’s a sign of weakness.  

– don’t hesitate to pause or take a break.  

– never say “no” to your partner’s ideas – rather, pack them up in one “package” with your proposals.  

Diplomatic tricks  

Tricks in diplomacy are usually used to distract your hard working team, shift the emphasis of the negotiation in order to shape the deal on terms of your adversary or manipulate your team into closing negotiation and accept terms you don’t really like. And the tricks are:  

“Leap” – your adversary is losing and starts “jumping” from one point to another  

“Pile” – your adversary “piles up” problems, tries to provoke a chaotic discussion or stop negotiations  

“Empty chair” – a day or two before negotiations start your adversary informs you that he’s not ready yet, trying to press you (or he wants to change location)  

“Diplomatic illness” – the practice of feigning illness to avoid participation in negotiations and at the same time to avoid giving formal offense.  

“Deaf” – your adversary keeps asking questions instead of answering yours  

“Provocation” – your adversary doubts your team’s professional level and your ability to negotiate. Don’t go crazy.  

“Busy guy” – your adversary breaks negotiation for an hour or two pretending he has to do some very important business (or that he got a very important call).  

“Mirror” – it’s a “programming” trick. The technology is simple: you try to “mirror” your adversary’s style and behavior, adopt a similar posture, use his gestures, and follow the speed of his speech. First, he will like it subconsciously and will be more open to you. Second, you’ll understand better his way of thinking.  

“Sandwich” – pressure (often – military) – negotiations – pressure  

“Show” – using certain arguments your adversary appeals to your emotions  

“Circle” – a very sophisticated trick: your adversary tries to “push” his proposal in different variants and finally comes back to his initial variant, trying to convince you that’s the best choice  

“Carrot and stick” – threat (blackmail) plus promises (money). The guy could blackmail you also by demanding to set a deadline  

“Student” – your adversary talks too much about the details, asking a lot of minor questions, trying to make you nervous and make mistakes  

“Donkey” – your adversary declines the offer to speak first  

“Ball” – encourage your adversary if he’s looking for “global decisions” and he’ll do a lot of minor favors  

“Rubber” – delay, if you can’t predict the result, and press your adversary by delaying the answer  

“Last train” – you can press your adversary by an ultimatum right before negotiations are over, if he really is interested in some result. “Spice” the ultimatum with some important reasons and give your adversary a choice of variants.  

You can also leak opposing demands to the media (be careful with this one. Do not betray diplomatic trust by talking about secret deals or demands that actually have been mentioned). You may also escalate your demands during negotiation and manipulate public opinion to line up behind your demands.  

Negotiations Procedure  

I. Preparation  

1. Write a plan.  

2. Define your objectives.  

3. Identify issues that are open to compromise and those that are not.  

4. Conduct research for information to support your objectives and have information to undermine your partner’s position; think what information is available to your partner (State and Defense Departments will help you with that; not the CIA).  

5. Find out how your partner negotiates with other leaders (he might have a “rabbit in a hat” for you).  

6. Consult with members of a previous negotiating team about his style, strong and weak points.  

7. Check the current balance of power. Attention: if you start multilateral negotiation you have to know what are the conflicts or allegiances between other partners. If they are divided into groups, identify who has the power to make a decision on behalf of a group.  

8. Use game theory if you are intending to cooperate. Game theory is a theoretical analysis of the decision-making process taken by two or more players who are in conflict. You must actually estimate any possible strategies of the players who have to make decisions without knowledge of what other players are planning. Each player’s strategy, once undertaken, will affect the others. Game theory is often illustrated by the “prisoners dilemma” paradigm. It supposes that two men have been arrested on a suspicion of committing a crime together and are being held in separate cells. There is not enough evidence to prosecute unless one confesses and implicates the other. Both of them know this but cannot talk to each other. The dilemma is that the best outcome, not being convicted, is only available if they each trust the other not to implicate him. If X decides to trust Y, but Y fears X may not be trustworthy, Y may confess to get a lesser sentence; X then gets a worse one. The best solution to this dilemma is for both to cooperate, to minimize the worst that can happen, rather than trying for the outcome that is maximum. This is called the minimax strategy and it’s classified as being the most probable outcome.  

II. Conducting negotiations  

Never conduct negotiations before 10 a. m. or after 4 p. m.  

First of all, you have to decide whether you want to speak first or to respond to your partner’s proposal. There’s an advantage in letting your partner make the opening proposal as it might be much more beneficial for you than you suspect.  

Then:  

a) put forward a proposal (with as little emotion as possible). You have to make your initial offer-demand high and compromise from that point onward. Your partner will understand perfectly well it’s too much, so make your initial demand greater than you expect to receive, and offer less than you are expected to give. (For the same reason feel free to reject the first proposal received. ) While talking further, leave yourself room for maneuvering, presenting your proposals, and don’t try to pin down your partner to a fixed position too soon, because he needs room to maneuver, too. Make a final offer when the atmosphere is most cooperative.  

b) respond to proposals in a smart way (again, no emotions). Never take the first offer – if you take it, your adversary may feel there is something wrong with it or he didn’t get the best deal. Capture any similarities on both sides. Don’t hesitate to make conditional counter-offers: “If you do this, we’ll do that. ” Cut the unexpected introduction of new issues and follow strictly a concise step-by-step agenda. Probe your partner’s attitudes: “What would you say if we both lower our demands? ” but indicate that every concession you make is a major loss to you. Ask as many questions as you want – the more information you have, the more you control negotiation. To think over and re-design your strategy, ask for a break as many times as it’s acceptable. Summarize your partner’s proposals.  

c) move towards a bargain. You must know perfectly well the response to each of your points before you open your mouth. If your aides can’t help you, you have the wrong aides and you even might be a wrong president. Offer the lowest price first, as you may not need to go any further. Negotiate a “package, ” don’t concentrate on one demand and link other, smaller demands to it. While making a final offer look at the other party and check the body language (see below), your team members must confirm by body language that this is your final offer. It’s OK to press the partner by emphasizing the need to reach agreement, like: “We know our nations are waiting to see the treaty signed. ” (If your partner looks at his watch, it means he wants to end the talk. ) If you see you are approaching a dead end, ask your partner to talk off the record, in private, but if you talk in private, you have to keep your word no matter what.  

Sometimes negotiations (as in the Israel-Palestine case) run into serious problems and breakdowns. Strong diplomats never say “never” and never leave forever, and always are ready to come back and agree right away on new dates to continue talks, as though a breakdown is just one more pressure trick. The best thing to do is to re-establish communications as soon as possible and you have to do this through your team member who has good connections and influence with other party. Act fast, especially if the consequences of “no deal” would be worse than the last deal that was on the table. If the situation is not improving, you have nothing else but to use a mediator. I do not recommend you to take responsibility as mediator or to use a mediator for your diplomatic needs. International experience shows that these old and “experienced” people usually make the situation worse, like bringing in a lawyer — even if the situation looks better for the next couple of years. But if you have no choice and your partner, and your aides insist on using a mediator to resolve the situation you have to think it over … and agree.  

Mediation is the process in which deadlocked parties consider the suggestions of a third party, agreed upon in advance, but are not bound to accept the mediator’s recommendations. The mediator works as a referee between the negotiating parties and tries to find common ground among their agendas. Once some common ground is established, the mediator can begin to look for mutually acceptable ways out of the deadlock. A mediator between presidents has to be a president himself, very influential, and well informed on the situation to be able to make effective recommendations.  

He has to:  

a) consider the situation from all angles  

b) help both parties to understand each other better  

c) help the parties to create new approaches  

d) suggest a solution, give alternatives  

But if the two sides’ demands are too far apart, no outside party can bring them together at all. ( Often a mediator has to make multiple trips between two parties, who do not talk directly, and it’s called shuttle diplomacy. Usually, two parties do not formally recognize each other, but still want to negotiate. The term became widespread following Henry Kissinger’s term as National Security Adviser and then, as the United States Secretary of State (in 1973-1977), when he participated in shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East and China).  

III. Closing negotiation  

That’s the most important part, a final mutual agreement or disagreement, a test for your foreign policy making strategy and tactics and personally for you, your power and your image. Any treaty you sign with foreign leaders, if it meets American interests, is not your personal success, but that of the nation. There are three options:  

a) the agreement with all conditions is acceptable to both parties  

b) the agreement is acceptable to one party only  

c) the agreement is unacceptable for both parties  

Diplomatic Double Talk  

Statement Meaning  

We are disappointed. We got nothing.  

Situation disturbs us. It’s unacceptable.  

There are still differences between There are huge differences.  

our approaches.  

We can’t accept this deal. This means trouble.  

We reserve the right to use any means  

to prevent further worsening of the situation. This means war.  

Discussion helped us to understand each  

other better. We’ve wasted our time.  

We don’t understand your attitude. Stop it immediately.  

I’m trying to understand your position. Understand me too, idiot!  

If I’ve understood you correctly, you don’t agree. Do you have any other option?  

We’ll pay a very high price if we don’t  

reach agreement. Yes, that’s a threat!